The Change of Climate and Ecological Environment in China 2021: Synthesis Report

本書分析了中國氣候與環境變化的事實、影響與脆弱性，以及減緩策略。基於綜合評估，通過全面整合，重點關注四個方面：氣候變化與生態環境演變、未來氣候變化與風險預測、適應與減緩的技術措施及行動成果，以及具有氣候韌性的發展路徑。在變化事實方面，重點關注極端氣候事件、大規模影響中國氣候變化的因素，以及氣候變化對中國社會經濟系統的影響。在未來風險方面，重點關注溫度、降水等關鍵變數及極端氣候事件未來變化的預測。還討論了資源、農業、冰凍圈、生態、人類居住環境、健康和重大項目的潛在風險。在適應與減緩方面，本書系統性地整理和總結了氣候變化適應與減緩的效果、政策選擇和協同效應，從全球和中國兩個角度進行分析。最後，從碳排放路徑、可持續發展以及構建人類命運共同體的角度，解釋了選擇具有氣候韌性的發展路徑的要點。

Dahe Qin, geographer, and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Third World Academy of Sciences. He is currently the director of the Academic Committee of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and chairman of the Executive Committee of the Asian Geographic Society.

Academician Dahe Qin has long been engaged in the reasearch of cryosphere, climate change and sustainable development. His studies of cryospheric changes and their effects and adaptation and of the functioning cryospheric services contribute to build the theoretical framework of the cryospheric science. Being the founder of the State Key Laboratory on Cryospheric Science and of the Society on Cryospheric Science in China, he has led the compilation of textbooks on cryosphere. All this has contributed to the development of the cryospheric science. He was involved in the leadership of the preparation of the Third, Fourth and Fifth Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and also the assessment of climate and environment in China, and of extreme weather and climate events and disaster risk management in China, making significant contributions to deepening the understanding of climate change science. He was awarded the 2008 International Meteorological Organization Prize, the 2013 Volvo Environment Prize, the Second Prize of (China) National Natural Science Award, Grand Prize of 2021 National Excellent Textbook (Higher Education), and 2022 International Geographical Union Lauréat d'Honneur. He has published more than 400 papers and 30 books.

Kejun Jiang Senior Researcher, Energy Research Institute (ERI), Chinese Academy of Macro-Economic Research.

Kejun Jiang's research focus is energy, climate change mitigation and air pollution prevention policy assessment by using IPAC modeling, to support national five year plans, and long-term planning. He began his research in ERI from 1990, and led the development of IntegratedPolicy Assessment Model for China(IPAC). He also joined IPCC reports, UNEP GEO reports as authors.

Professor Song Liangchun is the chief scientist of the National Key Research and Development Program, the director of the Committee of the Climatology and Climate Resources of the Chinese Meteorological Society, the chairman of the National Technical Committee on Climate and Climate Change Standardization. He is mainly engaged in research on extreme weather and climate events, impacts and adaptation to climate change, and meteorological disaster risk management. He has published more than 50 research papers and published 8 academic monographs and atlas.

Prof. Panmao Zhai, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, pmzhai@cma.gov.cn

Panmao Zhai, is a senior research scientist of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, and Vice Chair of the National Climate Change Expert Committee in China. He has long time been involved in IPCC as the lead author for IPCC WG1 AR4 and AR5 and currently is the Co-Chair of IPCC Working Group I.

During 2010-2022, he worked a the Chief Scientist of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, and Vice President of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, and the Secretary General of the Chinese Meteorological Society.

During 2004-2010, he posted as the Director-General of Department of Forecasting and Networking, and Deputy Director-General of Department of Prediction Services and Disaster Mitigation of China Meteorological Administration.

His main research area is on climate system diagnostics, and extreme weather and climate events.

He has published more than 200 co-authored scientific papers and received the First Prize of National Scientific and Technological Progress, in China.

Prof. & Dr. Yong LUO

Dr Yong Luo is professor and Chair of the Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University. Dr Luo dedicates himself to climate-water-energy research, including climate change impacts risk and management, development and evaluation of earth system model, process and mechanism of global energy-water cycle, global climate change detection, attribution and projection, seasonal climate prediction, meteorology for renewable energy. He is the vice Chair of China National Committee of IUGG/IACS, vice President of Chinese Society of Cryosphere Science, and the vice editor-in-chief of Advances in Climate Change Research and Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology. He was the Coordinate Lead Author of the Sixth Assessment Report of IPCC WGII and the Sherpa for UN Secretary General Mr Ban Ki-moon's High-Level Panel on Global Sustainability. Dr Luo was awarded special allowance by the State Council of China in 2008 and he was a member of Nobel Peace Prize-Winning IPCC Team in 2007. In 2020, he won the first prize of Science and Technology Progress Award of Dayu Water Conservancy Science and TechnologyAward (ranked second).

Yongjian Ding

Professor Ding, who was the deputy director of the Institute of Environment and Engineering in Cold and Dry Regions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is mainly engaged in research on the cryo-hydrology and climate change，in which he has led over 30 national and relevant research projects and published over 300 scientific papers and 20 monographs. He was Member of the Expert Committee of the National Committee for Disaster Reduction, member of the Expert Group of the National Major Scientific Research Plan for Global Change Research of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and is Executive Chairman of the Chinese Cryosphere Science Society.

大河秦，地理學家，中國科學院及第三世界科學院的院士。目前擔任中國科學院學術委員會主任及亞洲地理學會執行委員會主席。

大河秦院士長期從事冰凍圈、氣候變遷及可持續發展的研究。他對冰凍圈變化及其影響和適應的研究，以及冰凍圈服務的運作，為冰凍圈科學的理論框架建設做出了貢獻。作為國家冰凍圈科學重點實驗室和中國冰凍圈科學學會的創始人，他主導編寫了冰凍圈的教科書，這一切都促進了冰凍圈科學的發展。他參與了政府間氣候變化專門委員會（IPCC）第三、第四和第五次評估報告的編寫，並對中國的氣候和環境評估、極端天氣和氣候事件及災害風險管理進行了評估，對深化氣候變遷科學的理解做出了重要貢獻。他獲得了2008年國際氣象組織獎、2013年沃爾沃環境獎、中國國家自然科學獎二等獎、2021年國家優秀教材特等獎及2022年國際地理聯合會榮譽獎。他已發表超過400篇論文和30本書籍。

江克軍，高級研究員，中國宏觀經濟研究院能源研究所。

江克軍的研究重點是能源、氣候變遷緩解及空氣污染防治政策評估，使用IPAC模型來支持國家五年計畫及長期規劃。他自1990年起在能源研究所開始研究，並主導開發了中國綜合政策評估模型（IPAC）。他還參與了IPCC報告及聯合國環境規劃署（UNEP）GEO報告的撰寫。

宋良春教授是國家重點研究與發展計畫的首席科學家，中國氣象學會氣候學與氣候資源委員會主任，國家氣候與氣候變化標準化技術委員會主席。他主要從事極端天氣和氣候事件的研究、氣候變遷的影響及適應，以及氣象災害風險管理的研究。他已發表超過50篇研究論文，並出版了8部學術專著和圖集。

翟潘毛教授，中國氣象科學院，pmzhai@cma.gov.cn

翟潘毛是中國氣象科學院的高級研究科學家，並擔任中國國家氣候變化專家委員會副主席。他長期參與IPCC，擔任IPCC工作組一（WG1）第四次和第五次評估報告的主筆，目前是IPCC工作組一的共同主席。

在2010年至2022年間，他擔任中國氣象科學院首席科學家、中國氣象科學院副院長及中國氣象學會秘書長。

在2004年至2010年間，他擔任中國氣象局預報與網絡部主任及預報服務與災害減災部副主任。

他的主要研究領域是氣候系統診斷及極端天氣和氣候事件。

他已發表超過200篇共同撰寫的科學論文，並獲得中國國家科技進步一等獎。

羅勇教授及博士

羅勇博士是清華大學地球系統科學系的教授及系主任。羅博士專注於氣候-水-能源研究，包括氣候變遷的相關議題。