Clinical Research Transformed
暫譯: 臨床研究的轉型

Miettinen, Olli S., Steurer, Johann, Hofman, Albert

Clinical Research Transformed
  • 出版商: Springer
  • 出版日期: 2019-10-28
  • 售價: $7,920
  • 貴賓價: 9.5 折 $7,524
  • 語言: 英文
  • 頁數: 300
  • 裝訂: Hardcover - also called cloth, retail trade, or trade
  • ISBN: 3030061752
  • ISBN-13: 9783030061753

    • 海外代購書籍(需單獨結帳)

商品描述

In this Information Age, the practices of clinical medicine should no longer be based on what clinical doctors actively know. Rather, all of the importantly practice-relevant knowledge should not only already exist but also be codified in cyberspace, in directly practice-guiding 'expert systems' -- for the benefit of both doctors and patients everywhere.

Each of these systems (discipline-specific) would, prompted by a particular type of case presentation, present the doctor a questionnaire specific to cases of the type at issue, and document the doctor's answers to the questions. If at issue would be a case of complaint about a (particular type of) sickness, the system would translate the resulting diagnostic profile of the case into the corresponding probabilities of the illnesses to be considered. Similarly, if at issue would be an already-diagnosed case of a particular illness, the system would ask about, and record, the relevant elements in the prognostic profile of the case and then translate this profile into the probabilities of various outcomes to be considered, probabilities specific to the choice of treatment and prospective time in addition to that profile. And besides, these systems would analogously address the causal origin -- etiogenesis -- of cases of particular types of illness.

While the requisite knowledge-base for these systems -- notably for the probabilities in them -- has not been addressed by such 'patient-oriented' clinical research as has been conducted (very extensively) up to now, this book delineates the nature of the suitably-transformed research (gnostic). The critically-transformative innovation in the research is the studies' focus on Gnostic Probability Functions -- dia-, etio-, and prognostic -- in the framework of logistic regression models.

This book also presents a vision of how this critically-transformative research would most expeditiously be provided for and also conducted, among select sets of academic teaching hospitals.

商品描述(中文翻譯)

在這個資訊時代，臨床醫學的實踐不應再僅僅基於臨床醫生所主動了解的知識。相反，所有重要的實踐相關知識不僅應該已經存在，還應該在網路空間中被編碼，形成直接指導實踐的專家系統，以造福全球的醫生和病人。

每一個這樣的系統（特定學科）都會根據特定類型的病例呈現，向醫生提供一份針對該類型病例的問卷，並記錄醫生對問題的回答。如果涉及的是針對某種（特定類型）疾病的投訴，系統將把該病例的診斷概況轉換為相應的疾病概率。同樣地，如果涉及的是已經診斷的特定疾病病例，系統將詢問並記錄該病例預後概況中的相關要素，然後將這一概況轉換為各種結果的概率，這些概率特別針對治療選擇和預期時間。此外，這些系統還將類似地處理特定類型疾病的因果起源——病因學。

儘管這些系統所需的知識庫——特別是其中的概率——尚未被目前進行的（非常廣泛的）以病人為導向的臨床研究所解決，本書描繪了適當轉化研究的性質（知識論）。這項研究中的關鍵性轉變創新在於研究專注於知識概率函數——病因學、預後學——在邏輯回歸模型的框架內。

本書還提出了一個願景，說明這項關鍵性轉變的研究將如何在選定的學術教學醫院中最迅速地提供和進行。

作者簡介

Olli Miettinen was born in Piikkiö, Finland on 31 July 1936. He obtained his MD from the University of Helsinki and the MPH and PhD degrees from the University of Minnesota. He was Professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at Harvard School of Public Health from 1974 to 1986, and has been a Professor in the Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health and in the Department of Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine at McGill University since 1985. He is the author of 3 textbooks and a veteran of extensive teaching internationally.

Albert Hofman, is the Stephen B. Kay Family Professor of Public Health and Clinical Epidemiology and Chair, Department of Epidemiology at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

Dr. Hofman received an MD in 1976 from the University of Groningen, and a PhD in 1983 from the Erasmus University Rotterdam. He was appointed in 1981 as an Assistant Professor at the Erasmus University Medical School and was promoted to Associate Professor in 1984. Since 1988 he has been full Professor and Chair in the Department of Epidemiology at the Erasmus Medical Center. In addition, Dr. Hofman has been a Science Director at the Netherlands Institute for Health Sciences since 1992, as well as an adjunct Professor of Epidemiology at our School since 1998, and a Visiting Professor of Clinical Epidemiology since January 2016. Dr. Hofman has an excellent record of teaching, including being the initiator and program director of the Erasmus Summer Program since 1991, and teaching the summer session courses on Fundamentals of Epidemiology and on Study Design in Clinical Epidemiology at Harvard.

Johann Steurer is the Director of the Horten Centre for patient oriented research and knowledge transfer. University of Zürich.

作者簡介(中文翻譯)

奧利·米耶提寧於1936年7月31日出生於芬蘭的皮基奧。他在赫爾辛基大學獲得醫學博士學位，並在明尼蘇達大學獲得公共衛生碩士和博士學位。他於1974年至1986年擔任哈佛公共衛生學院的流行病學與生物統計學教授，自1985年以來一直擔任麥吉爾大學醫學院流行病學、生物統計學及職業健康系和醫學系的教授。他是三本教科書的作者，並在國際上有著豐富的教學經驗。

阿爾伯特·霍夫曼是哈佛T.H.陳公共衛生學院公共衛生與臨床流行病學的史蒂芬·B·凱家庭教授及流行病學系主任。霍夫曼博士於1976年在格羅寧根大學獲得醫學博士學位，並於1983年在鹿特丹伊拉斯謨斯大學獲得博士學位。他於1981年被任命為伊拉斯謨斯大學醫學院的助理教授，並於1984年晉升為副教授。自1988年以來，他一直是伊拉斯謨斯醫療中心流行病學系的正教授及系主任。此外，自1992年以來，霍夫曼博士一直擔任荷蘭健康科學研究所的科學主任，自1998年以來擔任我們學校的流行病學兼任教授，並自2016年1月以來擔任臨床流行病學的訪問教授。霍夫曼博士在教學方面表現優異，自1991年以來擔任伊拉斯謨斯夏季計畫的發起人和計畫主任，並在哈佛教授流行病學基礎和臨床流行病學研究設計的夏季課程。

約翰·斯圖爾是蘇黎世大學霍滕中心的病人導向研究與知識轉移主任。

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