Effective C++ : 55 Specific Ways to Improve Your Programs and Designs, 3/e (Paperback) (有效的 C++：55 種具體方法提升你的程式與設計，第三版)

“Every C++ professional needs a copy of Effective C++. It is an absolute must-read for anyone thinking of doing serious C++ development. If you’ve never read Effective C++ and you think you know everything about C++, think again.”
— Steve Schirripa, Software Engineer, Google

“C++ and the C++ community have grown up in the last fifteen years, and the third edition of Effective C++ reflects this. The clear and precise style of the book is evidence of Scott’s deep insight and distinctive ability to impart knowledge.”
— Gerhard Kreuzer, Research and Development Engineer, Siemens AG

The first two editions of Effective C++ were embraced by hundreds of thousands of programmers worldwide. The reason is clear: Scott Meyers’ practical approach to C++ describes the rules of thumb used by the experts — the things they almost always do or almost always avoid doing — to produce clear, correct, efficient code.

The book is organized around 55 specific guidelines, each of which describes a way to write better C++. Each is backed by concrete examples. For this third edition, more than half the content is new, including added chapters on managing resources and using templates. Topics from the second edition have been extensively revised to reflect modern design considerations, including exceptions, design patterns, and multithreading.

Important features of Effective C++ include:

• Expert guidance on the design of effective classes, functions, templates, and inheritance hierarchies.
• Applications of new “TR1” standard library functionality, along with comparisons to existing standard library components.
• Insights into differences between C++ and other languages (e.g., Java, C#, C) that help developers from those languages assimilate “the C++ way” of doing things. 

Table of Contents:

Preface.

Acknowledgments.

Introduction.

1. Accustoming Yourself to C++.

    Item 1: View C++ as a federation of languages.

    Item 2: Prefer consts, enums, and inlines to #defines.

    Item 3: Use const whenever possible.

    Item 4: Make sure that objects are initialized before they're used.

2. Constructors, Destructors, and Assignment Operators.

    Item 5: Know what functions C++ silently writes and calls.

    Item 6: Explicitly disallow the use of compiler-generated functions you do not want.

    Item 7: Declare destructors virtual in polymorphic base classes.

    Item 8: Prevent exceptions from leaving destructors.

    Item 9: Never call virtual functions during construction or destruction.

    Item 10: Have assignment operators return a reference to this.

    Item 11: Handle assignment to self in operator=.

    Item 12: Copy all parts of an object.

3. Resource Management.

    Item 13: Use objects to manage resources.

    Item 14: Think carefully about copying behavior in resource-managing classes.

    Item 15: Provide access to raw resources in resource-managing classes.

    Item 16: Use the same form in corresponding uses of new and delete.

    Item 17: Store newed objects in smart pointers in standalone statements.

4. Designs and Declarations.

    Item 18: Make interfaces easy to use correctly and hard to use incorrectly.

    Item 19: Treat class design as type design.

    Item 20: Prefer pass-by-reference-to-const to pass-by-value.

    Item 21: Don't try to return a reference when you must return an object.

    Item 22: Declare data members private.

    Item 23: Prefer non-member non-friend functions to member functions.

    Item 24: Declare non-member functions when type conversions should apply to all parameters.

    Item 25: Consider support for a non-throwing swap.

5. Implementations.

    Item 26: Postpone variable definitions as long as possible.

    Item 27: Minimize casting.

    Item 28: Avoid returning "handles" to object internals.

    Item 29: Strive for exception-safe code.

    Item 30: Understand the ins and outs of inlining.

    Item 31: Minimize compilation dependencies between files.

6. Inheritance and Object-Oriented Design.

    Item 32: Make sure public inheritance models "is-a."

    Item 33: Avoid hiding inherited names.

    Item 34: Differentiate between inheritance of interface and inheritance of implementation.

    Item 35: Consider alternatives to virtual functions.

    Item 36: Never redefine an inherited non-virtual function.

    Item 37: Never redefine a function's inherited default parameter value.

    Item 38: Model "has-a" or "is-implemented-in-terms-of" through composition.

    Item 39: Use private inheritance judiciously.

    Item 40: Use multiple inheritance judiciously.

7. Templates and Generic Programming.

    Item 41: Understand implicit interfaces and compile-time polymorphism.

    Item 42: Understand the two meanings of typename.

    Item 43: Know how to access names in templatized base classes.

    Item 44: Factor parameter-independent code out of templates.

    Item 45: Use member function templates to accept "all compatible types."

    Item 46: Define non-member functions inside templates when type conversions are desired.

    Item 47: Use traits classes for information about types.

    Item 48: Be aware of template metaprogramming.

8. Customizing new and delete.

    Item 49: Understand the behavior of the new-handler.

    Item 50: Understand when it makes sense to replace new and delete.

    Item 51: Adhere to convention when writing new and delete.

    Item 52: Write placement delete if you write placement new.

9. Miscellany.

    Item 53: Pay attention to compiler warnings.

    Item 54: Familiarize yourself with the standard library, including TR1.

    Item 55: Familiarize yourself with Boost.

Appendix A: Beyond Effective C++.

Appendix B: Item Mappings Between Second and Third Editions.

Index.