相關主題
商品描述
This book focuses on a critical reexamination of two prominent categories used in modern historiography of biology - "the eclipse of Darwinism" and the "modern synthesis". The main objective is to critically analyze the main existing interpretations of the "eclipse of Darwinism" and emergence of the "modern synthesis", with particular emphasis on the philosophical assumptions adopted in these interpretations. Thus, interpretations by Ernst Mayr, Peter Bowler, Mark Largent and modern historians who challenge these perspectives are discussed and critically evaluated
The analysis of the above interpretations makes it possible to determine how the philosophy of science limits the interpretation of the history of a given field, and also serves as a starting point for proposing an original interpretation of the above period in the history of evolutionary biology. The ultimate goal will therefore be a proposal of a new interpretative perspective to answer following questions: Why did the "eclipse of the Darwinism" occur? How should its origins to be understood? Why did it end (and why did the "modern synthesis" emerge)?
Main thesis of this book is that the "eclipse" was a direct response to inconsistent ontology upon which Darwin built his theory of evolution. Darwin referred to terms and concepts rooted in the philosophy of essentialism, which was problematic, because he tried to apply these essentialist concepts to his vision of the ever-changing nature. Therefore, all of the anti-Darwinian theories characteristic to the "eclipse of Darwinism" and later to the "modern synthesis" were produced in an attempt to reconcile essentialism with evolution and thus to correct Darwin's philosophical "error."
The book will appeal to biologists, philosophers and historians alike.
商品描述(中文翻譯)
本書專注於對現代生物學史學中兩個重要類別的關鍵再檢視——「達爾文主義的消退」和「現代綜合」。主要目標是批判性地分析現有對「達爾文主義的消退」及「現代綜合」出現的主要詮釋，特別強調這些詮釋中所採用的哲學假設。因此，將討論並批判性評估恩斯特·邁爾（Ernst Mayr）、彼得·鮑勒（Peter Bowler）、馬克·拉金特（Mark Largent）及挑戰這些觀點的現代歷史學家的詮釋。
對上述詮釋的分析使我們能夠確定科學哲學如何限制對特定領域歷史的詮釋，並且也為提出對進化生物學歷史中上述時期的原創詮釋提供了起點。因此，最終目標將是提出一種新的詮釋視角，以回答以下問題：為什麼會發生「達爾文主義的消退」？其起源應如何理解？為什麼會結束（以及為什麼會出現「現代綜合」）？
本書的主要論點是，「消退」是對達爾文所建立的進化理論所依賴的不一致本體論的直接回應。達爾文提及的術語和概念根植於本質主義的哲學，這是有問題的，因為他試圖將這些本質主義概念應用於他對不斷變化的自然的看法。因此，所有與「達爾文主義的消退」及後來的「現代綜合」特徵相符的反達爾文理論，都是為了調和本質主義與進化，從而修正達爾文的哲學「錯誤」而產生的。
本書將吸引生物學家、哲學家和歷史學家。
作者簡介
Michal Wagner is a faculty member at Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw. His background is in the philosophy of nature, as well philosophy and history of science. His principal interests lie in the reception of Darwinism in the 19th century, non-Darwinian theories of evolution, as well problem of development of science.
作者簡介(中文翻譯)
Michal Wagner 是華沙的卡爾丁大學（Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University）的一名教職員。他的背景涉及自然哲學，以及科學的哲學和歷史。他的主要研究興趣包括19世紀達爾文主義的接受、非達爾文進化理論，以及科學發展的問題。
