Cisco LAN Switching Fundamentals(Hardcover) 2/e

Description:

The essential guide for understanding Ethernet switched networks

• Understand various Ethernet technologies from 10BASE-T to Gigabit Ethernet
• Learn about common switching modes, paths, and architectures
• Delve into the Cisco Catalyst switch architecture and examine the various Catalyst switch models, including the 6000/6500, 4500, and 3750
• Become familiar with VLAN concepts, including types of trunks, VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP), and private VLANs
• Understand Multilayer Switching (MLS) and the various hardware components that make MLS work
• Learn how to configure Cisco Catalyst switches in both native and hybrid mode
• Implement QoS on Cisco Catalyst switches
• Deploy multicast features and protocols, including PIM, IGMP snooping, and CGMP
• Utilize data link layer features such as BPDU Guard, BPDU Filter, Root Guard, Loop Guard, RSTP, and MST
• Evaluate design and configuration best practices
• Learn how to manage LANs and troubleshoot common problems

Local-area networks (LANs) are becoming increasingly congested and overburdened because of a dramatic increase in traffic, faster CPUs and operating systems, and more network-intensive applications. Many organizations that use network and computing technology use LAN switching to take advantage of high-speed traffic forwarding and improved performance of traditional Ethernet technologies that don't require costly wiring upgrades or time-consuming host reconfiguration. Cisco LAN Switching Fundamentals provides administrators of campus networks with the most up-to-date introduction to LAN switching within a traditional Ethernet environment.

Cisco LAN Switching Fundamentals presents an in-depth look at modern campus network requirements. It provides an easy-to-understand introduction to LAN switching best practices using Cisco Catalyst switches. This book provides you with a wealth of details on the architecture, operation, and configuration of the Cisco Catalyst family of switches. You learn about a wide range of topics, including quality of service (QoS), multicast, Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP), Multiple Spanning Tree (MST), private virtual LANs (VLANs), and configuration using the native and hybrid software interfaces. Design advice and configuration examples are discussed liberally throughout the book to provide you with the best perspective on effective deployment techniques. Finally, the book wraps up with a discussion of steps necessary to troubleshoot common problems and optimize LAN performance.

Whether you are looking for an introduction to LAN switching principles and practices or a Cisco Catalyst configuration and troubleshooting reference, this book provides you with the invaluable insight you need to design and manage high-performance campus networks.

 

Table of Contents:

Introduction.

1. LAN Switching Foundation Technologies.

OSI Model.

OSI Upper Layers.

OSI Lower Layers.

Introducing Ethernet.

Types of Ethernet.

Transmission Media.

Ethernet Cross-Over Cabling.

Ethernet Topology.

Ethernet Logical Addressing.

CSMA/CD Operation.

Full-Duplex Ethernet.

Autonegotiation.

Transparent Bridging.

Learning.

Flooding.

Filtering.

Forwarding.

Aging.

Broadcasts and Multicasts.

Introducing Spanning Tree Protocol.

Spanning Tree Operations.

Spanning Tree Port Transitions and Timers.

Topology Changes in STP.

Summary.

2. LAN Switch Architecture.

Receiving Data–Switching Modes.

Cut-Through Mode.

Fragment-Free Mode.

Store-and-Forward Mode.

Switching Data.

Shared Bus Switching.

Crossbar Switching.

Buffering Data.

Port Buffered Memory.

Shared Memory.

Oversubscribing the Switch Fabric.

Congestion and Head-of-Line Blocking.

Forwarding Data.

Summary.

3. Catalyst Switching Architectures.

In the Beginning–Catalyst 5000/5500 (Project Synergy).

Catalyst 5000/5500 Switch Components.

EARL Functionality.

CAM and TCAM.

Catalyst 5000/5500 EARL Versions.

Switch Bandwidth.

Line Modules.

Catalyst 5000/5500 Architectures.

Data Flow on the Catalyst 5000.

Catalyst 6000/6500 (Constellation, Constellation+, and Constellation II).

Catalyst 6000/6500 Components.

Catalyst 6000/6500 Architectures.

Catalyst 6500 Switching Modes.

Data Flow on the Catalyst 6500 Switch Fabric.

Catalyst 4500 (Galaxy 3 and Galaxy 4) Components and Architectures.

Chassis.

Supervisors and Switch Fabrics.

Line Modules.

Catalyst 3750 (Lord of the Rings) Components and Architecture.

Power and Cooling.

Stackwise Architecture.

Data Flow on the Catalyst 3750.

Comparing the Architectures.

Summary.

4. Layer 2 Fundamentals.

Understanding Legacy LAN Segment.

Introducing Virtual LANs.

Trunking Methods.

Inter-Switch Link Protocol.

IEEE 802.1Q.

Configuration Best Practices.

VLAN Trunking Protocol.

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VTP Example 1.

VTP Example 2.

VTP Mode Best Practices.

Configuring VTP/VLAN/Trunk.

VLAN Pruning.

EtherChannel.

Understanding VLAN 1.

Management VLAN.

Management VLAN Best Practices.

Private VLANs.

Summary.

5. Using Catalyst Software.

Hybrid Versus Native.

The Look and Feel of Hybrid Software.

The Look and Feel of Native.

Choosing Between Hybrid and Native.

Downloading Catalyst Software.

Software for Catalyst 6000/6500.

Software for Catalyst 4500.

Software for Catalyst 3750.

New Software Packaging.

Packaging for Routers.

Packaging for Switches.

Summary.

6. Understanding Multilayer Switching.

Why MLS?

Introducing MLS.

Understanding the MLS Packet Flow.

Configuring MLS.

Router Access Lists.

MLS on Catalyst 6500.

Understanding the Need for Cisco Express Forwarding.

Summary.

7. Configuring Switches.

An Ounce of Planning.

Management Interfaces.

sc0 and VLAN 1.

Configuration Overview.

Initial Configuration.

Configuring VTP.

Configuring sc0 and LO0.

Autostate.

System Logging.

Connecting the Switches.

IOS Port/Interface Types.

Configuring the Connections.

Configuring the Access Layer.

Dynamic Routing.

Channeling and Trunking.

Configuring UniDirectional Link Detection.

Portfast and BPDU Guard.

Configuring SNMP.

Summary.

8. Understanding Quality of Service on Catalyst 6500.

QoS Services.

Class of Service.

Type of Service.

QoS Operational Model.

Classification.

Input Scheduling.

Marking and Policing.

Marking.

Output Scheduling.

QoS Caveats.

Summary.

9. Implementing Multicast on Catalyst Switches.

Understanding IGMPv1 and IGMPv2.

Multicast Flooding.

IGMP Snooping.

Membership Report.

IGMP Leave Process.

IGMP Fastleave.

Address Aliasing.

IGMP Fallback.

Cisco Group Management Protocol.

IGMP Leave Process.

Local Leave Process.

IGMP Snooping Versus CGMP.

Summary.

10. Implementing and Tuning Spanning Tree.

Preventing Loops with Spanning Tree.

Portfast.

Root Guard.

Loop Guard.

Spanning-Tree Convergence.

Spanning-Tree Timers.

BackboneFast.

UplinkFast.

Introducing Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol.

RSTP States.

RSTP BPDU.

RSTP Proposal/Agreement.

RSTP Legacy Support.

RSTP Direct Failure.

RSTP Indirect Failure.

Configuring RSTP.

Understanding Multiple Spanning Tree.

Comparing MST to PVST+/CST.

MST Regions.

Internal Spanning Tree.

Spanning Tree Inside the Region.

MST Example–All Switches in the Same Region.

MST Example–Multiple Regions.

MST Example–MST Connected to PVST+ Network.

UniDirectional Link Detection.

Summary.

11. Design and Implementation Best Practices.

Layer 3 Designs.

Building Blocks.

Campus Design.

Traffic Flows.

Single Points of Failure.

Catalyst Supervisor and Switch Fabric Redundancy.

Catalyst 6500 Supervisor High Availability (Hybrid).

MSFC High Availability.

Catalyst 6500 Supervisor High Availability (Native).

Catalyst 6500 Switch Fabric Redundancy.

Catalyst 4500 Redundancy.

Catalyst 3750 Redundancy.

Summary.

12. Troubleshooting the LAN Switching Configuration.

Checking Software Versions.

Checking Hardware Components.

Supervisor Missing.

MSFC Missing.

Understanding Port Errors.

Using Syslog Messages.

Using Trace.

Local Switched Port Analyzer.

Remote Switched Port Analyzer.

Cisco Online Resources.

Summary.

Appendix A. Catalyst 6500 Series Software Conversion.

Index.