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商品描述
The use of biometric technology for identification has gone from Orwellian fantasy to everyday reality. This technology, which verifies or recognizes a person's identity based on physiological, anatomical, or behavioral patterns (including fingerprints, retina, handwriting, and keystrokes) has been deployed for such purposes as combating welfare fraud, screening airplane passengers, and identifying terrorists. The accompanying controversy has pitted those who praise the technology's accuracy and efficiency against advocates for privacy and civil liberties. In America Identified, Lisa Nelson investigates the complex public responses to biometric technology. She uses societal perceptions of this particular identification technology to explore the values, beliefs, and ideologies that influence public acceptance of technology.
Drawing on her own extensive research with focus groups and a national survey, Nelson finds that considerations of privacy, anonymity, trust and confidence in institutions, and the legitimacy of paternalistic government interventions are extremely important to users and potential users of the technology. She examines the long history of government systems of identification and the controversies they have inspired; the effect of the information technology revolution and the events of September 11, 2001; the normative value of privacy (as opposed to its merely legal definition); the place of surveillance technologies in a civil society; trust in government and distrust in the expanded role of government; and the balance between the need for government to act to prevent harm and the possible threat to liberty in government's actions.
Drawing on her own extensive research with focus groups and a national survey, Nelson finds that considerations of privacy, anonymity, trust and confidence in institutions, and the legitimacy of paternalistic government interventions are extremely important to users and potential users of the technology. She examines the long history of government systems of identification and the controversies they have inspired; the effect of the information technology revolution and the events of September 11, 2001; the normative value of privacy (as opposed to its merely legal definition); the place of surveillance technologies in a civil society; trust in government and distrust in the expanded role of government; and the balance between the need for government to act to prevent harm and the possible threat to liberty in government's actions.
商品描述(中文翻譯)
生物識別技術的應用已從奧威爾式的幻想變成日常現實。這項技術基於生理、解剖或行為模式（包括指紋、視網膜、筆跡和按鍵輸入等）來驗證或識別個人身份，已被應用於打擊福利詐騙、篩查飛機乘客和辨識恐怖分子等目的。相關的爭議使支持該技術準確性和效率的人與倡導隱私和公民自由的人對立。在《美國身份確定》一書中，麗莎·納爾遜（Lisa Nelson）研究了公眾對生物識別技術的複雜反應。她利用社會對這種特定識別技術的認知來探索影響公眾對技術接受度的價值觀、信仰和意識形態。
納爾遜根據自己與焦點小組和全國調查的廣泛研究發現，隱私、匿名性、對機構的信任和信心，以及父權政府干預的合法性對技術的使用者和潛在使用者非常重要。她研究了政府身份識別系統的悠久歷史及其引發的爭議；信息技術革命和2001年9月11日事件的影響；隱私的規範價值（與僅僅法律定義相對）；監控技術在文明社會中的地位；對政府的信任和對政府擴大角色的不信任；以及政府在防止危害和可能威脅自由之間的平衡。
